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8 ???? 2015 / ???? ????? / ????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ???? 1832 ?1900 ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? 1971? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????. ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??????.
?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? (1785-1851). ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ??? 1821 ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? 1826 ??????? ????? "???? ??????" ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ???? 1827 ?1838. ?????? ??? 1905 ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????. ??? ??? 1914? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????????.
???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? "??? ??????" ???? ????? ?? ??? 1890 ???? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? 1982 ?1990. ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??? 2006? ???????? ????? ???? ??"???? ????? ??? ??????? ?????" ???? 18 ????.
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